Mitigating role of financial inclusion on the perceived difficulties, concerns, and borrowing for medical expenses in Saudi Arabia

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population (n = 996)

Characteristics	Categories	Non-financially included		Financially included		Total
Characteristics	Categories	N	%	N	%	N	%
Gender	Female	56	32.6	477	57.9	533	53.5
	Male	116	67.4	347	42.1	463	46.5
Age	15–25 years	61	35.5	266	32.3	327	32.8
	26–35 years	75	43.6	395	47.9	470	47.2
	36–44 years	25	14.5	112	13.6	137	13.8
	≥ 45 years	11	6.4	51	6.2	62	6.2
Education	Primary education	2	1.2	12	1.5	14	1.4
	Secondary education	109	63.4	376	45.6	485	48.7
	Tertiary education	61	35.5	436	52.9	497	49.9
Income quintiles	Poorest quintile	46	26.7	89	10.8	135	13.6
	Second quintile	41	23.8	120	14.6	161	16.2
	Middle quintile	25	14.5	155	18.8	180	18.1
	Fourth quintile	28	16.3	199	24.2	227	22.8
	Richest quintile	32	18.6	261	31.7	293	29.4
Total		172	17.3	824	82.7	996	100

ISSN: 1478-7547