Table 5 The economic impact and cost effectiveness

Healthcare cost savings, productivity gains, intervention cost (in Million USD)

Healthcare cost savings over the lifetime

140

83

1,925

6,226

(96–188)

(29–152)

(1,152–2,780)

(3,832–8,428)

Healthcare cost savings by the year 2044

58

39

661

2,150

(45–74)

(14–67)

(473–856)

(1,830–2,495)

Productivity gains (morbidity) by year 2044

441

290

4,443

14,472

(350–547)

(104–482)

(3,255–5,654)

(12,906 − 16,111)

Productivity gains (mortality) by year 2044

159

122

1,514

4,965

(119–207)

(44–208)

(1,067 − 2,017)

(4,163–5,832)

Productivity gains (mortality & morbidity) by year 2044

535

361

5,336

17,400

(419–664)

(130–602)

(3,901–6,814)

(15,395 − 19,506)

Productivity gains (morbidity) over the lifetime

1,413

896

20,860

68,877

(1,110–1,761)

(321–1,495)

(15,206 − 26,705)

(60,806 − 77,5957)

Productivity gains (mortality) over the lifetime

724

519

12,045

39,981

(528–969)

(190–902)

(8,294 − 16,485)

(32,628 − 48,601)

Productivity gains (mortality & morbidity) over the lifetime

1,841

1,202

27,961

92,453

(1,424–2,309)

(429–2,020)

(20,216 − 36,196)

(79,619 − 105,929)

Intervention cost (discounted)

9.9

12.0

Intervention cost (undiscounted)

28.9

34.6

ICER (USD per HALY)

ICER (without cost offsets)*

49

92

(39–60)

(47–202)

ICER (with cost offsets)*

‘dominant’

‘dominant’

‘dominant’

‘dominant’

Net monetary benefit and tax revenue in Billion USD

Net monetary benefit with productivity

2.0

1.3

(1.5–2.5)

(0.5–2.1)

Net monetary benefit without productivity

0.13

0.07

(0.09–0.18)

(0.02–0.14)

Tax revenue by the year 2044 (discounted)

71

(69–73)

Tax revenue by the year 2044 (undiscounted)

98

(95–101)