Table 2 The effect of the DM P4P program on depression onset from multiple logistic regression models in 2010–2015

P4P status (ref: non-P4P) Attend P4P

0.1728**

0.0657

0.0886

0.0497

0.1202**

0.042

0.1216**

0.0378

0.0915**

0.0353

0.083*

0.0334

Sex (ref: Male) Female

0.3538***

0.057

0.3021***

0.042

0.2953***

0.0356

0.2908***

0.0319

0.2657***

0.0295

0.27***

0.0278

Age group (ref:<55 years)

56–65

0.1031

0.071

0.1163*

0.0524

0.1711**

0.0445

0.1931***

0.0397

0.2057***

0.0367

0.2171***

0.0345

66–75

0.2275**

0.0772

0.2609***

0.0571

0.3232***

0.0486

0.3527***

0.0435

0.3655***

0.0403

0.3897***

0.038

76+

0.3581**

0.1113

0.4583***

0.0815

0.5225***

0.0697

0.5091***

0.0637

0.5152***

0.0596

0.5067***

0.0569

DCSI (ref: Score 0) ^a

Score 1

0.389***

0.0682

0.3031***

0.0506

0.287***

0.0428

0.266***

0.0382

0.2602***

0.0352

0.2543***

0.0331

Score 2

0.3341***

0.0851

0.3817***

0.0615

0.3867***

0.052

0.3658***

0.0467

0.3484***

0.0434

0.317***

0.0412

Score 3+

0.6623***

0.0899

0.6663***

0.0672

0.6494***

0.0577

0.6123***

0.0526

0.6***

0.0493

0.5835***

0.047

CCI (ref: Score 0) ^b

Score 1

0.2519***

0.0644

0.1577**

0.0476

0.1949***

0.04

0.194***

0.0358

0.1859***

0.0332

0.1967***

0.0313

Score 2+

0.694***

0.081

0.5696***

0.0616

0.5419***

0.0534

0.5236***

0.0487

0.5186***

0.0457

0.4944***

0.0438

Accreditation level of hospital (ref: Medical centre)

Regional hospital

0.125

0.08

0.0428

0.0578

-0.00345

0.0483

0.00883

0.0435

0.026

0.0402

0.0284

0.0379

District hospital

0.1533

0.0973

0.0848

0.0707

-0.0184

0.06

-0.00209

0.0539

-0.00717

0.0501

-0.0224

0.0473

Community clinic

0.2259*

0.0878

0.122

0.0641

0.0477

0.054

0.0705

0.0485

0.064

0.045

0.0732

0.0424

Location of hospital (ref: Taipei and northern region)

Central region

0.0844

0.0792

0.0778

0.0586

0.0302

0.0502

0.0626

0.045

0.0551

0.0418

0.0299

0.0397

Southern/Kaoping region

0.0254

0.0658

0.00777

0.0486

-0.00512

0.041

0.00396

0.0369

0.00784

0.0342

0.0106

0.0322

Eastern region

0.2678

0.1959

0.1474

0.1543

0.0842

0.1348

0.1342

0.1203

0.1357

0.1125

0.1683

0.1058