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Table 1 Main variables included in the DEA and the QR analysis

From: Estimating health system opportunity costs: the role of non-linearities and inefficiency

 

Median

Mean

Min.

1st Qu

3rd Qu

Max

Std. Dev.

Expenditure per person (£) in each PBC adjusted by need and price

PBC 1 Infectious Diseases

       

 2012/13

24.6

30.8

12.2

19.7

35.3

99.1

17.5

PBC 2 Cancer

       

 2010/11

103.7

104.3

60.6

89.7

116.4

193.3

20.6

 2011/12

104.2

104.2

55.3

90.5

116.3

161.8

17.4

 2012/13

105.7

106.4

49.4

91.2

118.6

165.5

20.1

PBC 4 Endocrine

       

 2010/11

53.2

54.3

38.4

48.6

59.1

86.1

8.4

 2011/12

54.4

56.0

42.2

51.1

59.7

88.1

7.7

 2012/13

56.9

57.7

40.7

52.5

62.1

79.6

7.2

PBC 5 Mental Health

       

 2010/11

203.0

214.0

48.0

182.0

230.0

447.0

56.2

 2011/12

207.0

215.0

121.0

184.0

232.0

409.0

47.9

 2012/13

209.0

217.0

143.0

188.0

236.0

412.0

46.1

PBC 10 Circulation

       

 2010/11

130.9

132.4

87.8

119.7

146.0

215.2

20.5

 2011/22

130.7

130.5

86.6

118.0

143.5

168.6

17.3

 2012/13

126.9

128.3

82.5

115.2

140.8

175.0

18.3

PBC 11 Respiratory

       

 2010/11

82.4

82.5

48.9

75.6

88.7

123.0

11.7

 2011/12

83.7

84.4

55.7

78.1

88.7

125.2

10.2

 2012/13

89.4

89.1

55.7

81.9

94.8

121.9

10.7

PBC 13 Gastrointestinal

       

 2010/11

84.7

84.3

34.8

77.5

92.5

140.0

14.4

 2011/12

86.6

87.3

56.2

80.5

94.3

118.7

11.1

 2012/13

89.2

89.4

60.1

82.2

95.8

117.7

11.1

PBC 18 Maternity

       

 2010/11

64.1

69.9

32.2

54.3

79.8

167.9

22.1

 2011/12

65.0

69.3

34.7

56.0

77.0

168.8

20.2

 2012/13

62.1

66.7

35.1

54.1

76.0

162.8

20.1

Healthy individuals (PBC 21)

       

 2010/11

41.7

42.6

0.03

30.1

53.6

122.3

21.7

 2011/12

39.6

39.5

0.17

28.9

49.8

88.4

16.1

 2012/13

35.5

36.1

2.22

26.5

47.3

99.2

16.9

Social care needs (PBC22)

       

 2010/11

41.0

55.5

0.26

21.5

65.2

488.0

71.6

 2011/12

53.9

60.6

0.29

31.8

71.7

429.8

56.3

 2012/13

63.4

69.1

1.83

40.3

86.2

412.4

50.0

Other areas of spend (PBC 23)

       

 2010/11

284.6

305.0

211.5

257.7

319.8

719.4

79.6

 2011/12

301.1

308.0

217.7

273.0

336.4

469.5

49.4

 2012/13

312.0

319.6

220.0

274.4

351.9

516.2

57.0

Standardised years of life lost rate, average 2012–2014

Infectious

5.6

6.4

2.4

4.4

8.1

14.4

2.6

Cancer

159.8

162.1

125.1

146.8

175.1

207.9

19.5

Endocrine

4.0

4.2

0.7

3.0

5.2

9.3

1.6

Circulation

86.7

88.9

50.2

74.9

102.2

141.8

18.7

Respiratory

23.7

25.6

12.3

18.9

31.1

57.5

8.7

Gastrointestinal

22.4

24.4

10.2

16.5

30.1

61.8

9.5

  1. Sources: Based on data from the “Exposition book” elaborated by the Department of Health (DH, 2013)
  2. Available at https://www.networks.nhs.uk/nhs-networks/health-investment-network/news/2012-13-programme-budgeting-data-is-now-available
  3. Mortality statistics from NHS Digital Compendium Indicators (Office of National Statistics). Data from Local Authorities mapped to PCTs
  4. 1. The Infectious diseases PBC is only estimated in the QR model, with explanatory variable 2012/13
  5. 2. PBC 21, PBC 22, and PBC 23 are considered general spend PBCs since they can be related to all clinical areas
  6. 3. The DEA general spend variable is the sum of PBC 21, PBC 22 and PBC 23 expenditures, except for Cancer, which includes only PBC 21 and PBC 22, and Circulation, which only includes PBC 21
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Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation

ISSN: 1478-7547

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