Cost analysis of an integrated disease surveillance and response system: case of Burkina Faso, Eritrea, and Mali

Table 6 Mean annual per capita disease surveillance* and total health care costs (standard deviation): Burkina Faso, Eritrea, and Mali

Country	IDSR strategy				All health-related surveillance	National expenditure on health‡
	Surveillance activities#	Response activities¶	Support activities§	Total IDSR†		Total expenditure	Government only
	Per capita cost (2002 US $)
Burkina Faso	0.014	0.020	0.002	0.036	0.136	15.86	6.86
	(0.004)	(0.001)	(0.0004)	(0.005)	(0.023)	(3.93)	(2.27)
Eritrea	0.086	0.049	0.021	0.157	0.66	8.14	4.86
	(0.034)	(0.023)	(0.008)	(0.041)	(0.44)	(0.69)	(0.90)
Mali	0.005	0.008	0.007	0.020	0.05	13.60	7.00
	(0.001)	(0.0003)	(0.004)	(0.008)	(0.01)	(3.21)	(2.34)

* Cost per capita was calculated using the annual population size and all health-related (i.e., all communicable and non-communicable diseases and risk conditions) surveillance and IDSR costs for each health region/province and district included in the study in each country from 2000 to 2005. Total number of regions and districts surveyed each year in Burkina Faso, Mali and Eritrea was 18, 6 and 2, respectively.
# Surveillance activities include detection, report, analysis and feedback
¶Response activities include field investigation and laboratory confirmation of suspected cases and treatment of confirmed cases. In Burkina Faso, laboratory and treatment costs were calculated using the average annual per capita costs of laboratory and treatment for Eritrea and Mali and the population size of the health structure in Burkina Faso (see Table 2). Without laboratory and treatment costs, the annual costs (std. dev) per capita of IDSR and total national disease surveillance were $0.019 (0.005) and $0.055 (0.013), respectively.
§Support activities include training, supervision, evaluation, communication and coordination.
† Costs shown were converted using official exchange rate. When costs were converted using the purchasing parity power (PPP), the mean cost for Eritrea was $0.87 (0.34) and for Mali $0.06 (0.03).
‡ Source: National Health Accounts http://www.who.int/nha/en/

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