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Table 3 Loss of productivity estimates using actual income and per capita income for urban area (Unit: USD, 1USD = 15,850 Vietnam dong, per capita income for urban area was VND 840,000 per month)

From: The costs of traumatic brain injury due to motorcycle accidents in Hanoi, Vietnam

Indirect costs for one year

Level of severity by GCS

 

Severe

Moderate

Minor

 

Mean

SE

Median

Mean

SE

Median

Mean

SE

Median

Actual income based indirect costs

By patient

1108.6

324.2

833.4

303.0

85.1

164.0

461.3

171.9

200.3

By caregiver

303.8

129.3

132.9

102.0

31.4

60.9

77.4

27.1

40.9

Total (*)

1412.4

366.5

1045.3

405.0

106.2

239.0

538.5

194.0

263.5

Per capita urban income based indirect costs

By patient

455.8

56.5

478

223.7

60.6

154.2

136.4

25.7

154.2

By caregiver

183.5

36.6

132

84.0

17.0

87.8

65.4

17.1

50.9

Total(*)

639.4

82.2

702.5

307.8

73.1

242.0

201.8

35.7

245.4

  1. (*) Anova: p < 0.05
  2. 1General Statistic Office: The Vietnam Living Standard Survey in 2004 showed that per capita income for urban area in 2004 was VND 840,000 per month; national per capita income was VND 484,000 per month.