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Table 3 Growth hormone treatment versus no treatment: outcomes over a 20-year period (weighted averages)

From: The cost-effectiveness of growth hormone replacement therapy (Genotropin®) in hypopituitary adults in Sweden

Outcomes

Men

Women

Life-years gained

2.3

2.1

Incremental QALY

2.3

2.3

Incremental costs, €, including direct costsa

31,872

41,096

Incremental costs, €, including direct and indirect costsa,b

24,607

28,570

Incremental cost per QALY, € (excludes indirect costsb)

15,975

20,241

Incremental cost per QALY, € (includes indirect costsb)

11,173

10,753

Incremental cost per QALY, € (excludes all indirect effects)

48,252

46,601

  1. aDirect costs = treatment cost minus avoided healthcare costs.
  2. bIndirect costs = cost of sickness-related absenteeism + lost value of production (production minus consumption due to increased mortality). GHD = growth hormone deficiency; QALY = quality-adjusted life years.