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Table 4 Total societal costs by trial allocation and cost component category for the entire follow-up period in imputed analysis (£, 2018–19 prices)

From: Economic costs, health-related quality of life outcomes and cost-utility of a physical and psychological group intervention targeted at older adults with neurogenic claudication

Cost category

Treatment arm, mean cost (£) (SE)

Mean cost (£) difference

p-value i

95% confidence interval

BOOST programme

Best practice advice (BPA)

(n = 292)

(n = 143)

NHS and PSS (including intervention costs)

1974.06 (118.05)

1826.64 (168.70)

147.42

0.474

(− 419.00 to 714.00)

Societal

 Privately provided health services

14.24 (5.15)

8.32 (7.37)

5.91

0.511

(− 11.76 to 23.59)

 Medications

5.53 (0.88)

7.01 (1.26)

− 1.48

0.335

(− 4.49 to 1.53)

 Patient equipment

21.17 (8.94)

26.93 (12.78)

− 5.75

0.712

(− 36.41 to 24.91)

 Patient travel

13.91 (2.18)

20.86 (3.11)

− 6.96

0.068

(− 14.42 to 0.51)

 Time off work

33.50 (29.74)

100.49 (42.50)

− 66.99

0.197

(− 168.95 to 34.96)

 Other Societal Costs

113.60 (46.69)

150.29 (66.73)

− 36.68

0.653

(− 196.77 to 123.40)

 Societal (excluding NHS and PSS costs)

201.94 (68.80)

313.90 (98.32)

− 111.95

0.351

(− 347.82 to 123.92)

 Total Societal (including NHS and PSS and intervention costs)

2176.01 (145.13)

2140.54 (207.40)

35.47

0.889

(− 469.57 to 540.51)

  1. a p-value calculated using the student’s t-test, two-tail unequal variance