Cost-utility analysis of total knee arthroplasty alone and in comparison with post-surgical rehabilitation and conservative treatment in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Table 4 Estimated QALYs for different patient subgroups

Variable	Type of intervention												Test of difference for QALY gained: MANOVA		Test of difference for Cost per QALY: MANOVA
	Conservative treatment				TKA				TKA with rehabilitation
	n = 122				n = 62				n = 60
	QALY gained		Cost per QALY		QALY gained		Cost per QALY		QALY gained		Cost per QALY
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	F	p-value	F	p-value
Age, years
≥ 65	0.28	0.36	26561.49	13661.86	1.75	0.77	5756.39	15493.72	2.43	0.34	1469.48	240.33	99.888	< 0.001	55.017	< 0.001
< 65	0.19	0.14	36127.79	22512.10	0.81	0.53	7710.43	5122.23	1.28	0.49	3270.74	1848.88	99.888	< 0.001	55.017	< 0.001
Gender
Male	0.27	0.32	30369.68	20907.10	1.51	0.84	6668.43	15421.07	1.57	0.68	2832.22	1782.86	58.329	< 0.001	37.233	< 0.001
Female	0.15	0.06	31994.08	10088.39	1.40	0.81	5481.00	5807.60	2.39	0.41	1444.48	282.74	58.329	< 0.001	37.233	< 0.001
Stage of osteoarthritis
Stage 3	0.25	0.35	31731.98	17469.50	1.47	0.78	4294.71	4041.79	1.64	0.80	2879.81	2007.67	0.018	0.893	0.632	0.428
Stage 4	0.22	0.17	29535.44	20252.43	1.51	1.04	14,777.76	28529.46	1.74	0.39	2140.42	328.10	0.018	0.893	0.632	0.428
BMI
< 25.0	0.26	0.34	30901.42	18140.63	1.34	0.91	5615.30	4981.50	1.95	0.58	1918.60	518.39	3.007	0.053	1.949	0.146
25.0–29.9					1.35	0.45	3114.80	959.90	1.85	0.00	1775.40	0.00
≥ 30.0	0.22	0.18	30632.85	19621.27	1.72	0.85	8975.59	21651.69	1.08	0.62	4315.06	2266.39
Place of treatment
Metropolis					1.42	0.79	7442.21	16567.13	1.62	0.91	4297.67	3083.06	0.937	0.336	0.015	0.901
Regional					1.59	0.89	9922.52	20369.16	1.80	0.50	2646.72	625.88	0.937	0.336	0.015	0.901
Revision TKA
Absent					1.47	0.78	4294.71	4041.79	1.36	0.85	3776.41	2375.60	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Present									1.77	0.59	2017.91	527.04	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

BMI Body Mass Index, TKA Total Knee Arthroplasty, QALY Quality-adjusted Life Years, USD United States Dollars

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