Table 9 Improvements in each city

1

Beijing

The 2016 media and AQI efficiencies need improvements

2

Changchun

Measures need to be taken for labor input efficiency, the news media efficiency also dropped significantly in the last two years, and there is a need to strengthen the AQI efficiency

3

Changsha

The media report, energy consumption, CO₂ emissions and AQI efficiencies need significant improvements, with the most serious governance attention needed on AQI and then CO₂ emissions

4

Chengdu

Both media report and AQI efficiencies need priority governance and the GDP efficiency also needs attention

5

Chongqing

There was no need for improvements as all input and output indicators were efficient

6

Fuzhou

Media efficiency dropped significantly, and there are also improvements needed in GDP efficiency. While the AQI efficiency had significant improvements, greater efforts are needed

7

Guangzhou

The improvement space for each indicator is 0

8

Guiyang

Media report efficiency fell, and energy efficiency rose. However, priority governance and focus are needed in GDP and AQI efficiencies, and CO₂ emissions efficiency also needs attention

9

Harbin

Labor input efficiency is rising, but further governance is needed. The news media efficiency declined significantly in the last two years, even though the efficiency was fluctuating, significant AQI improvements are also needed,

10

Haikou

Media report efficiency had significant fluctuations, falling to a minimum in 2015, and then rising to 1, and while the GDP efficiency improved, more attention is needed

11

Hangzhou

As the media report efficiency dropped significantly, the room for improvement remained large. The AQI and CO₂ emissions efficiencies need priority co-governance

12

Hefei

Media report efficiency declined, and labor input efficiency need improvements. Although the AQI efficiency slightly improved, the highest was only 0.24; therefore, there is still a great need for proper governance

13

Huhehaote

Priority needs to be given to vigorously managing AQI efficiency as the efficiency in 2016 was only 0.16. The media report efficiency fluctuated but still needs to be addressed and governed

14

Jinan

While the media report efficiency declined, and the AQI efficiency rose, both still need strong efficiency governance

15

Kunming

The media report efficiency continued to decline, and improvements should be prioritized, the energy consumption efficiency needs focused governance, the AQI efficiency score was slightly better than the media report efficiency and should also be given priority

16

Lanzhou

All indicators need improvements; priority governance should be given to the AQI and media report efficiencies, and there is also a need for energy consumption, CO₂ emissions, AQI and GDP efficiency governance improvements

17

Lhasa

Media efficiency fluctuated and was the best in 2016; however, further improvements are needed. AQI and GDP efficiencies also need close governance attention

18

Nanchang

While there is less media report efficiency volatility, more improvements are needed. Further attention is needed to strengthen labor input efficiency governance, and while the AQI efficiency increased slightly, significant improvements are still needed

19

Nanjing

Media report efficiency declined significantly, and AQI efficiency fluctuated; therefore, governance in both areas needs to be strengthened

20

Nanning

There was no need for improvements as all input and output indicators were efficient

21

Shanghai

There was no need for improvements as all input and output indicators were efficient

22

Shenyang

The AQI efficiency is declining and priority governance is needed and while the CO₂ emissions and energy consumption efficiencies continued to rise, effective governance needs to be maintained

23

Shijiazhuang

Media, energy consumption, and AQI efficiencies need continued governance

24

Taiyuan

GDP efficiency and especially energy consumption efficiency need priority attention, but some improvements are also needed in media reporting. Overall, the governance of AQI, and CO₂ emissions efficiencies should be strengthened

25

Tianjin

Improvements are needed in the media, energy consumption, CO₂ emissions, and AQI efficiencies. Therefore, better overall governance is needed

26

Wuhan

It is necessary to strengthen governance on the AQI and media report efficiencies

27

Urumqi

The media report and AQI efficiencies need priority governance, and the GDP and energy consumption efficiencies also need attention

28

Xian

The GDP efficiency declined in the last two years and the AQI efficiency also fell; therefore, governance needs to be strengthened in these two areas

29

Xining

AQI efficiency improvement needs priority governance, followed by GDP and media report efficiency, both of which declined. While energy consumption efficiency increased significantly in the last year, attention is still needed

30

Yinchuan

Priority management is needed for AQI efficiency, and media report efficiency also needs to be significantly improved. Further, as CO₂ emissions and energy consumption efficiencies continued to decline, greater governance is needed

31

Zhengzhou

While media report efficiency rose significantly in 2016, continued attention is needed, and AQI efficiency also needs improvement