Table 3 Cost-effectiveness study- more practical characteristics
No. | Author | Subsections on costs | Methods for HRQoL | Summary of health states | Time in each health state | Number of events | Resource use | Methods for treatment effect | Life years gained | Study calculation method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Dhvani Shah et al. [24] | HF-related hospitalizations and other resource use | EQ-5D | NA | Monthly | 4 (HF hospitalization, death, health-related quality of life and device-specific treatment effects) | baseline hospitalization risk and Medicare-specific costs | Network meta-analysis | 7.97 yrs CRT-D VS 7.47 yrs ICD | Regression equations |
2 | Mealing et al. [22] | Hospitalizations costs and cross-manufacturer average selling prices for both intervention and leads | EQ-5D | NA | Yearly | 4 (mortality, hospitalization , health-related quality of life, and device-related effects) | National databases for costs and clinical literature and expert opinion | Network meta-analyses | NA | Individual patient based regression |
3 | Woo et al. [20] | HF-related hospitalizations and costs related to device implantation, extraction, reimplantation | EQ-5D | Stable, hospitalization, lead failure, lead infection, death | Monthly | 4 (Successful with no complications, Successful with complications, Not successful, Procedural death) | Clinical trials, clinical registries, claims data from centers for medicare and medicaid services, and centers for disease control and prevention life tables | Meta-analysis of trials | 9.8 yrs CRT-D VS 8.8 yrs ICD | ICER |
4 | Bertoldi et al. [23] | costs of consultations, diagnostic tests, procedures, hospital admissions, device implantation and complications | EQ-5D | Stable, lead failure, hospitalization, lead infection, death | Monthly | 3 (failure, success, death) | Brazilian Ministry of Health (public healthcare system) | Meta-analysis of trials | 7.54 yrs CRT-D VS 6.9 yrs ICD | ICER |
5 | Noys et al. [21] | Hospitalization for implantation, inpatient and outpatient costs, emergency room | EQ-5D | NA | Every 6 month | 2 (HF events, death) | National medicare reimbursement rates | MADIT-CRT study | 3.61 yrs CRT-D VS 3.54 yrs ICD | ICER |