|
Variables
|
Medical expenditure
|
|---|
|
Total medical expenditure
|
Drug expenditure
|
Diagnostic testing expenditure
|
Medical consumables expenditure
|
Nursing care expenditure
|
Bed expenditure
|
Surgery expenditure
|
Blood expenditure
|
|---|
|
Hospital level
|
− 0.2311*** (− 160.86)
|
− 0.1884*** (− 76.30)
|
− 0.4240*** (− 178.31)
|
− 0.3235*** (− 71.23)
|
− 0.0197*** (− 12.46)
|
− 0.0293*** (− 19.04)
|
0.2114*** (15.68)
|
− 0.1186*** (− 5.17)
|
|
Reimbursement ratio
|
2.8313*** (476.43)
|
3.4665*** (337.93)
|
2.8306*** (287.83)
|
2.2364*** (120.75)
|
1.1725*** (179.05)
|
1.3738*** (214.24)
|
1.8895*** (15.68)
|
0.5061*** (8.48)
|
|
Deductible
|
− 0.0005*** (− 70.09)
|
− 0.0012*** (− 90.65)
|
0.0002*** (17.58)
|
− 0.0019*** (− 84.40)
|
− 0.0007*** (− 77.86)
|
− 0.0002*** (− 29.67)
|
− 0.0007*** (− 10.28)
|
− 0.0009*** (− 10.34)
|
|
Gender
|
− 0.0217*** (− 16.09)
|
− 0.0579*** (− 24.92)
|
0.0084*** (3.81)
|
− 0.0852*** (− 20.33)
|
0.0052*** (3.50)
|
0.0088*** (6.05)
|
0.1260*** (11.71)
|
− 0.0779*** (− 5.89)
|
|
Age
|
0.0034*** (107.11)
|
0.0043*** (79.10)
|
0.0106*** (202.17)
|
0.0009*** (10.06)
|
− 0.0008*** (− 23.31)
|
− 0.0012*** (− 36.24)
|
− 0.0010*** (− 3.82)
|
− 0.0018*** (− 4.80)
|
|
Length of stay
|
0.0375*** (390.27)
|
0.0442*** (266.54)
|
0.0146*** (92.71)
|
0.0188*** (62.68)
|
0.0565*** (527.47)
|
0.0581*** (558.19)
|
0.0130*** (18.61)
|
0.0008 (1.49)
|
|
Disease type
|
− 0.0092*** (− 6.18)
|
− 0.0655*** (− 25.71)
|
− 0.1762 (− 72.91)
|
0.2513*** (54.76)
|
− 0.0079*** (− 4.87)
|
− 0.0157*** (− 9.85)
|
1.0800*** (55.24)
|
0.0726*** (3.84)
|
|
Time
|
Controlled
|
Controlled
|
Controlled
|
Controlled
|
Controlled
|
Controlled
|
Controlled
|
Controlled
|
|
Constant term
|
− 5.8625*** (− 17.53)
|
− 8.6725*** (− 15.10)
|
− 1.4927*** (− 2.74)
|
− 6.0105*** (− 5.83)
|
3.2771*** (6.34)
|
3.3938*** (6.73)
|
− 6.9009*** (− 3.66)
|
7.0667*** (11.32)
|
|
R2
|
0.6395
|
0.4556
|
0.4525
|
0.0941
|
0.5034
|
0.5337
|
0.0461
|
0.0265
|
|
Sample size
|
488,623
|
486,558
|
483,777
|
483,797
|
488,166
|
486,079
|
117,194
|
8885
|
- ***Significant at 1%,**Significant at 5%, *Significant at 10%, t-statistics in parentheses. The medical expenditure in the model are all calculated on a logarithmic basis
