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Table 7 Overall efficiency by city and region from 2013–2016

From: Dynamic linkages among economic development, environmental pollution and human health in Chinese

DMU

Cities by income

Region

2013

2014

2015

2016

Average

Beijing

High-income city

East

1.000

0.951

0.528

0.502

0.745

Fuzhou

High-income city

East

0.892

0.823

0.803

0.809

0.832

Guangzhou

High-income city

East

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

Hangzhou

High-income city

East

0.460

0.569

0.465

0.472

0.492

Haikou

Upper-middle income city

East

0.813

0.767

0.758

0.757

0.774

Jinan

High-income city

East

0.368

0.414

0.373

1.000

0.539

Nanjing

High-income city

East

0.463

0.620

0.504

0.510

0.524

Shanghai

High-income city

East

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

Shijiazhuang

Upper-middle income city

East

0.258

0.279

0.230

0.212

0.245

Tianjin

High-income city

East

0.399

0.474

0.406

0.392

0.418

Changchun

Upper-middle income city

Northeast

0.470

0.498

0.444

0.358

0.442

Harbin

Upper-middle income city

Northeast

0.429

0.462

0.422

0.329

0.411

Shenyang

High-income city

Northeast

0.386

0.480

0.361

0.457

0.421

Changsha

High-income city

Central

0.479

0.675

0.560

0.649

0.591

Hefei

Upper-middle income city

Central

0.434

0.468

0.492

0.880

0.568

Nanchang

High-income city

Central

0.510

0.516

0.460

0.351

0.459

Taiyuan

Upper-middle income city

Central

0.354

0.193

0.295

0.317

0.290

Wuhan

High-income city

Central

0.917

0.541

0.465

0.399

0.581

Zhengzhou

High-income city

Central

0.515

0.531

0.517

0.416

0.495

Chengdu

Upper-middle income city

West

0.369

0.414

0.375

0.339

0.374

Chongqing

Upper-middle income city

West

0.278

0.336

0.279

0.518

0.352

Guiyang

Upper-middle income city

West

0.323

0.341

0.315

0.292

0.318

Huhehot

High-income city

West

0.457

0.586

0.470

0.441

0.489

Kunming

Upper-middle income city

West

0.390

0.386

0.332

0.293

0.350

Lanzhou

Upper-middle income city

West

0.421

0.391

0.270

0.379

0.365

Lhasa

Upper-middle income city

West

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

Nanning

Upper-middle income city

West

1.000

1.000

1.000

0.681

0.920

Urumqi

Upper-middle income city

West

0.912

0.923

0.680

0.823

0.835

Xian

Upper-middle income city

West

0.393

0.413

0.360

0.314

0.370

Xining

Upper-middle income city

West

0.347

0.386

0.320

0.289

0.336

Yinchuan

Upper-middle income city

West

0.690

0.574

0.464

0.568

0.574