Table 8 Determinants of exposure CHE (patient level)

Factors related to household characteristics

 Gender of the household head (female)

6

 Supplementary insurance status (patient)

5

 Health insurance

4

 Non-native

4

 Members over 60 years

2

 Employment situation of the head of household

2

 Disease of family members

2

 Members with special diseases in the household

1

 Member with chronic illness

1

 Members under 12 years

1

 Type of insurance (relief committee–medical services)

1

 Distance of the residence of the medical center

1

 Disabled member in household

1

 Members in need of care

1

 Education status of patients

2

 Education status of household head

1

2

 Self-employed head of household

1

 Household size

4

2

 Access to safe water

1

 Age of household head

2

1

 Having member < 6 years

1

 Having member < 14 years

1

 Marital status of household head (not married head)

1

 Sex of the patients (male)

1

1

 Age (patients)

1

1

 Members aged 40–59 years old

1

 Living in the rural

1

1

Household economic factors

 Household income level

5

 Wealth index

4

 Housing ownership

2

2

 Economic status

1

 Having made any out of hospital payments

1

 Existence of a certain financial sources to get healthcare services

1

The factors related to the use of health services

 Frequency of using inpatient services

3

 Hospitalization day numbers

2

 Admission to a private hospital

2

 Use of outpatient services

1

 Frequency of using outpatient services

1

 Use of rehabilitation services

1

 Brand of drug (foreign drugs)

1

 Refrained from using healthcare services

1

 Use of dental care

1

 Type of treatment (chemotherapy)

1

 Frequency of using dialysis services

1

 Frequency of using inpatient services

3