Economic evaluation of dapagliflozin versus metformin in Chinese patients whose diabetes is inadequately controlled with diet and exercise

Nian, Hua; Wan, Xu; Ma, Jing; Jie, Fu; Wu, Bin

doi:10.1186/s12962-020-00208-w

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation

Table 2 Costs (2017 US $) and Health state utilities

From: Economic evaluation of dapagliflozin versus metformin in Chinese patients whose diabetes is inadequately controlled with diet and exercise

Parameters	Expected value	Range	Source
Costs ($)
Metformin 1500 mg per day	0.7	0.1–0.7	[8]
Dapagliflozin 10 mg per day	2.5	1.3–2.5	[8]
Anti-diabetic therapy per day (disease duration ≤ 3 year)	0.5	0.2–1.3	[26]
Anti-diabetic therapy per day (3 < disease duration ≤ 5 year)	0.8	0.2–1.7	[26]
Anti-diabetic therapy per day (6 ≤ disease duration < 10 year)	1.2	0.3–2.5	[26]
Anti-diabetic therapy per day (disease duration ≥ 10 year)	2.0	0.7–3.2	[26]
MI hospitalization per event	7383.0	6505.2–8260.9	[4, 8, 9, 27]
Care after MI per year	455.4	288.6–622.2	[4, 8, 9, 27]
Stroke hospitalization per event	2875.2	2184.6–4738.3	[4, 8, 9, 27]
Care after stroke per year	506.9	445.9–828	[4, 8, 9, 27]
CHF per year	1507.7	1254.6–2632.3	[4, 8, 9, 27]
ESRD per year	13,803.2	13,153.8–14,569.2	[29]
Blindness per year	1642.0	1430.4–1853.5	[4, 8, 9, 27]
Clinical neuropathy per month	60.9	26.2–101.4	[28]
Uncomplicated DFU per event	76.2	0–226.2	[28]
Complicated DFU per event	2293.3	1228.5–2880.8	[28]
Minor amputation per event	3316.9	2165.2–5038.9	[28]
Major amputation per event	5019.2	2981.1–7738.2	[28]
Care after major amputation per month	338.1	0–600.7	[28]
Hypoglycemia per event	70.0	0–855.5	Local charge
Utility values
T2DM without complications	0.876	0.736–1	[30]
Utility decrements
MI hospitalization for 1 month	1.000	0.236–1	[31]
MI after discharge	0.236	0.026–0.446	[30]
Stroke hospitalization for 1 month	1.000	0.326–1	[31]
Stroke after discharge	0.326	0.036–0.616	[30]
CHF	0.236	0.026–0.446	[30]
ESRD	0.400	0.19–0.61	[33]
Blindness	0.157	0.007–0.307	[33]
Clinical neuropathy	0.185	0.015–0.355	[30]
Uncomplicated DFU	0.250	0.213–0.287	[32]
Complicated DFU	0.300	0.165–0.435	[32]
Minor amputation	0.320	0.204–0.436	[32]
Major amputation	0.380	0.264–0.496	[32]

MI myocardial infarction, CHF congestive heart failure, CVD cardiovascular disease, ESRD end-stage renal disease, DFU diabetic foot ulcer, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus

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