Table 1 Evidence on distribution of health expenditure and health service utilization in some selected studies

China, Gansu province

Urban: 0.374

Rural: 0.349

Urban: 0.049

Rural: 0.009

Urban (inpatient: 0.328, outpatient: 0.145)

Rural (inpatient: 0.331, outpatient: 0.056)

[8]

Mongolia

0.560

0.202

Inpatient admissions (public: 0.013, private: 0.316)

Outpatient visits (public: 0.133, private: 0.482)

Voluntary counseling and testing for HIV: 0.015

Immunization: 0.013

[6]

Indonesia

0.473

0.176

Hospital-inpatient: 0.424 (public: 0.374, private: 0.495)

Hospital-outpatient: 0.341 (public: 0.312, private: 0.381)

Non hospital: 0.016 (public: − 0.093, private: 0.090)

[9]

Sri Lanka

0.456

0.068

Hospital-inpatient: 0.011 (public: − 0.055, private: 0.376)

Hospital-outpatient: − 0.041 (public: − 0.071, private: 0.126)

Non hospital: 0.153 (public: 0.053, private: 0.171)

[9]