Cost component | Cost estimatea,b,c | Cost estimate (variability) | Population | Data source | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Direct health care costs related to mild to moderate impairment with developmental delay/disability in childhood/adolescence | |||||
Out of pocket | Total, per person, ASD: $219 | CI, ASD: −$7 to $359 | Children 3–17 years of age with ASDb | MEPS linked to the NHIS | Lavelle et al. [40] |
Third-party payers | Total, per person, ASD: $3629 | CI, ASD: $1222 to $5118 | Children 3–17 years of age with ASDb | MEPS linked to the NHIS | Lavelle et al. [40] |
Total, per person, ID without CP: $22,788 Total, per person, CP without ID: $22,333 Total, per person, CP with ID: $61,837 | Not calculatedd | Children < 19 y of age with CP using ICD-9-CM code 343.xx with at least one inpatient or two outpatient visits that were > 29 days apart during the study period Patients with a medically diagnosed ID (identified as one inpatient or one outpatient claim with an ICD-9-CM code of 317.xx-319.xx) | MarketScan Medicaid Multi-State Database | Kancherla et al. [43] | |
Direct non-health care costs related to mild to moderate impairment with developmental delay/disability in childhood/adolescence | |||||
Education costs | Total, per person, ASD: $10,346 | CI, ASD: $7925 to $12,522 | Nationally representative panel of caregivers and parents of children 3–17 years of age who had a child diagnosed with ASDe | Administered survey | Lavelle et al. [40] |
Condition-related therapy and family-coordinated services | Total, per person, ASD: $421 | CI, ASD: −$91 to $1168 | Nationally representative panel of caregivers and parents of children 3–17 years of age who had a child diagnosed with ASDe | Administered survey | Lavelle et al. [40] |
Unpaid caregiver time costs | Total, per person, ASD: $6115 | CI, ASD: −$2009 to $14,342 | Nationally representative panel of caregivers and parents of children 3–17 years of age who had a child diagnosed with ASDe | Administered survey | Lavelle et al. [40] |
Direct health care costs related to permanent disability in adulthood | |||||
Out of pocket | Mean: $1477 | SD: $2631 | Adults 21–61 years of age with self-reported functional and cognitive limitations | MEPS | Mitra et al. [47] |
Third-party payers | Mean: $12,773 | SD: $38,874 | Adults 21–61 years of age with self-reported functional and cognitive limitations | MEPS | Mitra et al. [47] |