Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the cohort (n = 192)
Patient demographics and risk factors | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|
Male, % | 29.2 |
Age, years | 32.3 (10.8) |
Duration of diabetes, years | 18.5 (10.8) |
HbA1c, % | 9.2 (2.2) |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.1 (4.3) |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 107.0 (15.3) |
Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 179.7 (46.8) |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dl | 51.9 (16.6) |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dl | 100.9 (35.9) |
Triglycerides, mg/dl | 145.7 (185.2) |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73Â m2 | 58.1 |
Hemoglobin responsible for binding oxygen, gr/dl | 14.1 (2.3) |
White blood cell, 106/ml | 7.4 (2.3) |
Heart rate, beats per minute | 78.1 (10.6) |
Active smoking, % | 9.9 |
Alcohol consumption, % | 11.5 |
Pre-existing complications | % |
|---|---|
Angina pectoris | 2.6 |
Myocardial infarction | 0.5 |
Atrial fibrillation | 0.5 |
Left ventricular hypertrophy | 3.4 |
Congestive heart failure | 1.1 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 2.6 |
Microalbuminuria | 16.7 |
Gross rate proteinuria | 16.1 |
End-stage renal disease | 8.3 |
Kidney transplant | 7.3 |
Background diabetic retinopathy | 21.9 |
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy | 12.0 |
Macular edema | 11.4 |
Severe visual loss | 6.8 |
Neuropathy | 30.2 |
Uninfected ulcer | 1.0 |
Infected ulcer | 1.0 |
History of amputation | 2.1 |
Severe hypoglycemic event rate, episodes/100 adult patients-years | 22.4 |
Depression | 5.7 |
Medication | % |
|---|---|
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors | 59.3 |
Statins | 25.5 |
Aspirin | 5.7 |