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Table 3 Spearman’s rank correlation between the efficiency scores and different studies’ characteristics

From: Systematic review and meta-analysis of public hospital efficiency studies in Gulf region and selected countries in similar settings

SSpearman’s rho

Technical efficiency

Number of hospitals

Income categories

Orientation of the model

Technical efficiency

 Correlation coefficient

1.000

− 0.519**

0.201

0.279

 Sig. (2-tailed)

–

0.008

0.336

0.262

 N

25

25

25

25

Number of hospitals

 Correlation coefficient

− 0.519**

1.000

− 0.201

− 0.076

 Sig. (2-tailed)

0.008

–

0.336

0.765

 N

25

25

25

25

Income categories

 Correlation coefficient

0.201

− 0.201

1.000

0.818**

 Sig. (2-tailed)

0.336

0.336

–

0.000

 N

25

25

25

25

Orientation of the model

 Correlation coefficient

0.279

− 0.076

0.818**

1.000

 Sig. (2-tailed)

0.262

0.765

0.000

–

 N

25

25

25

25

  1. Income categories of the studied country (high or upper-middle); orientation of the efficiency model (input or output)
  2. **Correlation is significant at 0.01 level (2-tailed)