Table 2 Cost-effectiveness analyses comparing IMRT, SBRT and PBT for localized prostate cancer treatment
Study (authors, year) | Target population risk group | Time horizon/cycle length | Interventions compared | Perspective/country | Data sources | Discount rate for costs and outcomes | Model type/type of evaluation/sensitivity analysis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Effectiveness data | Cost data/year | |||||||
Parthan et al. (2012) [18] | 65-year-old men with localized prostate cancer | Lifetime/not reported | SBRT vs. IMRT vs. PBT | 3rd party Medicare payer and societal perspective/US | Published sources, meta-analytical techniques | Medicare rates, Bureau of Labour Statistic, literature sources, Red Book/2011 | Costs and utilities discounted at 3.0% annually | Markov model/cost-utility analysis/one-way deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis |
Hodges et al. (2012) [19] | 70-year-old low-to intermediate-risk patient with confined prostate cancer | 10Â years/1Â year | IMRT vs SBRT | 3rd party medicare payer perspective/US | Literature sources | Literature sources, medicare allowable costs, ambulatory payment classification/2010 | Costs and utilities were discounted at a rate of 3% per year | Markov model/cost-utility analysis/probabilistic sensitivity analysis |
Sher et al. (2014) [20] | 65-year-old men with low-risk prostate cancer | Lifetime/4Â months | IMRT vs. robotic and non-robotic SBRT | 3rd party medicare payer perspective/US | Literature sources | Medicare payment schedule for hospital-based practice/2012 | Â | Markov model/cost-utility analysis/one-way deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis |
Lundkvist et al. (2005) [21] | Theoretical cohort age: 65-year | Lifetime | IMRT vs PBT | Societal Sweden | Literature sources | Literature sources | Costs and effects were discounted with 3% annually. | Markov model cost-utility analysis |
Konski et al. (2007) [22] | Men aged 60 or 70Â years old with intermediate-risk prostate cancer | NA | IMRT vs PBT | payer US medicare | literature | literature and from patient interviews | Costs and effects were discounted with 3% annually | Markov model |