From: Catastrophic expenditures and impoverishment due to out-of-pocket health payments in Kosovo
Independent variable | Description | Measurement |
---|---|---|
Household size | Total number of people living in the household | Continuous variable |
Education | Level of education of the head of the household | Dummy variable: |
0 = primary or lower | ||
1 = secondary or higher | ||
Most vulnerable age groups | At least one or more members of the household under 5 years of age | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no |
At least one or more members of the household 65 or older | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no | |
Gender | Gender of the household head | Dummy variable: 1 = male, 2 = female |
Health insurance coverage | At least one member of the household is covered by health insurance | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no |
Head of the household is covered by health insurance | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no | |
Employment* | At least one employed member in the household | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no |
At least one unemployed member in the household | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no | |
At least one inactive (not defined as employed or unemployed) member in the household | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no | |
At least one disabled member in the household | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no | |
Employment status of the head of the household | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no | |
Payment for inpatient care | Has any member of the household paid for inpatient care in the past 12 months? | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no |
Settlement | Is household in urban or rural area? | Dummy variable: 1 = rural, 0 = urban |
Expenditure quintiles in PPP-adjusted Euros | Households ranked in five equal groups according to annual HCE per adult equivalent (excluding durable goods and rent) in increasing order to the expenditure cutoff point in each quintile | Ordinal: Lowest = 14.69–222.32 |
II = 222.48–291.58 | ||
III = 291.74–364.73 IV = 364.83–474.86 | ||
Highest = 474.95–1885.90 | ||
Health care utilization | At least one member of the household was hospitalized during the previous 12 months | Dummy variable: 1 = yes, 0 = no |