Table 3 Estimates of cost parameters, utility, and discount rate

Annual expenditure by the government (USD)

 Budget of PHBPP in 2014

1,634,281

–

–

–

[33]

 HBV vaccine per capita

60

48–72

Uniform

low = 48; high = 72

[9]

 Antiviral prophylaxis per capita

369

178–559

Uniform

low = 178; high = 559

[40]

 HBV-DNA testing per capita

66

53–79

Uniform

low = 53; high = 57

[41]

Direct medical cost per capita (USD)

 Chronic hepatitis

  Inpatient

248

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.0167; λ = 0.0001

–

  Outpatient

415

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.134; λ = 0.0032

–

  Pharmaceuticals

157

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.09; λ = 0.00058

–

 Compensated cirrhosis

  Inpatient

1504

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.034; λ = 0.00002

–

  Outpatient

473

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.11; λ = 0.00023

–

  Pharmaceuticals

125

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.119; λ = 0.00095

–

 Decompensated cirrhosis

  Inpatient

2602

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.236; λ = 0.00009

–

  Outpatient

189

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.336; λ = 0.00178

–

  Pharmaceuticals

53

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.106; λ = 0.00199

–

 HCC

  Inpatient

5161

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.232; λ = 0.00005

–

  Outpatient

1108

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.217; λ = 0.0002

–

  Pharmaceuticals

230

± 20%

Gamma

α = 0.096; λ = 0.00042

–

 Direct non-medical cost (USD)

  Transportation cost (inpatient)

25

± 20%

Uniform

low = 20; high = 30

[33, 39]

  Transportation cost (outpatient)

5

± 20%

Uniform

low = 4; high = 6

[33, 39]

 Average number of inpatient visit

  Chronic hepatitis

0.07

0–0.14

Gamma

α = 0.027; λ = 0.379

–

  Compensated cirrhosis

0.29

0–0.58

Gamma

α = 0.076; λ = 0.263

–

  Decompensated cirrhosis

0.54

0–1.08

Gamma

α = 0.298; λ = 0.551

–

  HCC

1.53

0–3.06

Gamma

α = 0.366; λ = 0.239

–

 Average number of outpatient visit

  Chronic hepatitis

4.19

0–8.38

Gamma

α = 0.705; λ = 0.168

–

  Compensated cirrhosis

4.62

0–9.24

Gamma

α = 0.847; λ = 0.183

–

  Decompensated cirrhosis

2.38

0–4.76

Gamma

α = 0.442; λ = 0.186

–

  HCC

8.38

0–16.76

Gamma

α = 0.704; λ = 0.084

–

  Daily cost of caregiving (USD)

59

± 20%

Uniform

low = 47; high = 71

[33, 39]

 Average days of hospitalization

  Chronic hepatitis

0.61

0–1.22

Gamma

α = 0.01; λ = 0.0168

–

  Compensated cirrhosis

3.81

0–7.62

Gamma

α = 0.034; λ = 0.009

–

  Decompensated cirrhosis

6.33

0–12.66

Gamma

α = 0.112; λ = 0.018

–

  HCC

15.63

0–31.26

Gamma

α = 0.2102; λ = 0.0134

–

  Average hours spending on outpatient visit

2

1–3

Uniform

low = 1; high = 3

[33, 39]

 Utility

  Immune tolerance/inactive state

1

–

–

–

   Chronic hepatitis

0.73

0.63–0.98

Beta

α = 15.7; β = 3.803

[44,45,46,47]

   Compensated cirrhosis

0.65

0.35–0.95

Beta

α = 5.92; β = 3.19

[44,45,46,47]

   Decompensated cirrhosis

0.46

0.25–0.75

Beta

α = 7.5; β = 7.5

[44,45,46,47]

   HCC

0.46

0.16–0.75

Beta

α = 4.73; β = 5.67

[44,45,46,47]

   Discount rate (%)

5

3–7

–

–

[48]