Table 2 Effects of the intervention on procurement volumes of antibiotics in comparison with controls: findings from the segmented linear regression models
Outcome indicators | Original models | Models with replaced outliers | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient [95% CI] | p | Coefficient [95% CI] | p | |
Total DDDs for antibiotics (vs controls) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Mean difference in pre-post changes (DDDs in millions) | − 0.59 [− 7.96, 6.79] | 0.874 | − 0.32 [− 3.92, 3.27] | 0.857 |
 Difference in secular trend changes (DDDs in millions per month) | − 0.51 [− 1.09, 0.080] | 0.089 | − 0.51 [− 0.97, − 0.05] | 0.031 |
DDDs for non-restricted antibiotics (vs controls) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Oral antibiotics (vs controls) |  |  |  |  |
  Mean difference in pre-post changes (DDDs in millions) | 0.11 [− 4.74, 4.96] | 0.964 | 0.18 [− 1.77, 2.14] | 0.852 |
  Difference in secular trend changes (DDDs in millions per month) | − 0.22 [− 0.56, 0.13] | 0.213 | − 0.22 [− 0.47,0.02] | 0.073 |
 Antibiotics administered through parenteral route (vs controls) |  |  |  |  |
  Mean difference in pre-post changes (DDDs in millions) | − 0.40 [− 4.27, 3.47] | 0.837 | − 1.43 [− 4.60, 1.74] | 0.370 |
  Difference in secular trend changes (DDDs in millions per month) | 0.03 [− 0.27, 0.33] | 0.849 | 0.08 [− 0.21, 0.37] | 0.595 |
DDDs for restricted antibiotics (vs controls) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Oral antibiotics (vs controls) |  |  |  |  |
  Mean difference in pre-post changes (DDDs in millions) | − 0.24 [− 4.06, 3.58] | 0.899 | − 0.33 [− 2.08, 1.42] | 0.704 |
  Difference in secular trend changes (DDDs in millions per month) | 0.066 [− 0.23, 0.37] | 0.660 | 0.055 [− 0.18, 0.29] | 0.642 |
 Antibiotics administered through parenteral route (vs controls) |  |  |  |  |
  Mean difference in pre-post changes (DDDs in millions) | − 0.16 [− .54, 0.229] | 0.420 | − 0.18 [− 0.44, 0.086] | 0.183 |
  Difference in secular trend changes (DDDs in millions per month) | − 0.038 [− 0.075, 0.00] | 0.050 | − 0.035 [− 0.069, 0.001] | 0.043 |