Cost-effectiveness analysis of a universal mass vaccination program with a PHiD-CV 2+1 schedule in Malaysia

Table 2 Vaccine-specific model parameters

Parameter	PHiD-CV	PCV13	Range^a	PSA distribution
Vaccination ages (months)	2, 4 and 13	2, 4 and 13	Not varied	NA
Vaccination coverage (%)	100 [28]	100 [28]	Not varied	NA
Vaccine cost (USD/dose)	34.25 (hypothetical price)	34.25 (hypothetical price)	Not varied	NA
VEs/effectivenesses (%)
IPD
Vaccine serotypes (excluding ST3)	94.7 (based on PCV7 data [31])	94.7 (based on PCV7 data [31])	95% CI^b	Lognormal
ST3	0 (assumption)	26 (based on PCV13 data [32])	Not varied	NA
Cross-protection for ST6A	76.0 (based on PCV7 data [31, 36])	NA	95% CI^c	Lognormal
Cross-protection for ST19A	82.2 (based on PHiD-CV surveillance [14])	NA	95% CI^c	Lognormal
All-cause pneumonia
Hospitalized	21.8 (based on PHiD-CV data [17])	21.8 (based on PHiD-CV data [17])	95% CI	Lognormal
GP visit	8.7 (based on PHiD-CV data [17])	8.7 (based on PHiD-CV data [17])	95% CI	Lognormal
All-cause AOM
Vaccine serotypes (excluding ST3)	69.9 (based on PHiD-CV data [17])	69.9 (based on PHiD-CV data [17])	95% CI	Lognormal
Cross-protection for ST6A	63.7 (based on PHiD-CV precursor data [18])	NA	Not varied^c	NA
Cross-protection for ST19A	61 (based on PHiD-CV and PCV7 data [14, 17, 31])^d	NA	Not varied^c	NA
ST3	0 (assumption)	0 (assumption due to a lack of relevant data)	Not varied	NA
Non-vaccine serotypes	–33 (based on PCV7 data [43])	–33 (based on PCV7 data [43])	95% CI	Lognormal
NTHi	21.5 (based on PHiD-CV data [17])	–11 (based on PCV7 data [43])	95% CI	Lognormal
Overall	24.1 (based on the above and pathogen split from [41, 42])	14.2 (based on the above and pathogen split from [41, 42])	Not varied	NA

AOM acute otitis media, CI, confidence interval, GP general practitioner, IPD invasive pneumococcal disease, NA not applicable, NTHi non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, PCV7 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PCV13 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PHiD-CV pneumococcal polysaccharide and NTHi protein D conjugate vaccine, ST serotype, USD United States dollars, VE vaccine efficacy, PSA probabilistic sensitivity analysis
^aRanges used in the one-way sensitivity analyses
^bLowest and highest vaccine-type 95% CIs from [31] used for all serotypes
^cNot applicable for PCV13
^dEstimated based on PHiD-CV VE against 19A IPD [14], PCV7 VE against vaccine serotype IPD [31], and PHiD-CV VE against vaccine serotype AOM [17]

ISSN: 1478-7547