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Table 2 Key innovation model assumptions

From: Modeling the potential impact of emerging innovations on achievement of Sustainable Development Goals related to maternal, newborn, and child health

Innovation

Launch year

Cost (USD)

Effectiveness

Peak coverage

Notesa

Home

Clinic

Hospital

Home

Clinic

Hospital

Notes

New formulations of oxytocin

2022

$0.50

40%

45%

45%

25%

20%

10%

1) Coverage assumes that new formulations will expand the uterotonic drug market but not replace conventional oxytocin

2) Effectiveness is the same as conventional oxytocin

3) Cost is assumed to be similar to misoprostol

Uterine balloon tamponade

2015

$5.0

N/A

85%

85%

N/A

50%

75%

1) Coverage assumes that new low-cost UBTs will be available for all women who fail uterotonic drugs in clinic and hospital settings

2) Effectiveness is the same as existing approved UBT medical devices

3) Cost is for the ESM UBT product

Simple, safe device for assisted delivery

2018

$25

N/A

72%

81%

N/A

40%

N/A

1) Coverage assumes that the Odon device will expand coverage of existing assisted vaginal delivery devices in clinic settings

2) Effectiveness is similar to existing assisted vaginal delivery devices

3) Cost is similar to other instrumented delivery options

Chlorhexidine for umbilical cord care

2015

$0.36

23% reduction in neonatal mortality

N/A

N/A

55%

N/A

N/A

1) Coverage assumes that chlorhexidine is available to women who give birth in the home setting

2) Effectiveness is based on meta-analysis data in low resource countries

3) Cost is based on the UNICEF supply catalog price

New treatments for severe diarrhea

2018

$.50

Improves ORS coverage and adherence

N/A

N/A

80%

N/A

N/A

1) Will be used concurrently with ORS and increase coverage of ORS by 15 percentage points

2) Not effective at reducing mortality in isolation. The product will help expand access and improve adherence to ORS

3) Cost is based on ORS

New tools for small-scale water treatment

2015

$70

84%

N/A

N/A

25%

N/A

N/A

1) Coverage estimates apply to the proportion of the population that receives water through community sources and are based on coverage of home water treatment solutions

2) Effectiveness based on data for the Safe Water System (reduction in diarrhea incidence)

3) Cost is based on similar products; product will serve 1000 people

Portable pulse oximeters to measure oxygen

2015

$40

N/A

85%

85%

N/A

70%

80%

1) Coverage based on estimates for other durable medical equipment (e.g. blood pressure measurement) in low resource settings

2) Effectiveness reported is for detecting oxygen saturation

3) Cost based on similar medical devices

Better respiratory rate monitors

2015

$50

N/A

80%

80%

N/A

50%

60%

1) Coverage based on other estimates for durable equipment (blood pressure measurement) in low resource settings

2) Effectiveness is based on publications evaluating respiratory rate counting and chest wall indrawing to diagnose pneumonia

3) Cost is based on similar medical devices

  1. Source: IC2030 project team
  2. Definitions coverage: the availability and use of an innovation in a given setting; effectiveness: the efficacy of an innovation adjusted for real-world settings (by contrast, efficacy is the outcome of an innovation under ideal conditions); home setting: outside a health care facility with limited or no access to skilled health care providers
  3. aAssumptions related to effectiveness were based on available published evidence. For example, the effectiveness of the uterine balloon tamponade was based on data from [22]. A list of key sources for effectiveness assumptions is available from the corresponding author