Cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation to prevent age-related macular degeneration

Table 1 Annual incidence probabilities of age-related macular degeneration for current smokers and ex-smokers who quit 15 years previously*

Type of age-related macular degeneration and age range	Smoker (per 1000)^†	Quitter (per 1000)^‡
Neovascular
< 55 years	0.00	0.00
55–64 years	0.86	0.73
65–74 years	4.50	3.84
75–84 years	20.61	17.60
Geographic atrophy
< 55 years	0.00	0.00
55–64 years	0.39	0.23
65–74 years	1.86	1.11
75–84 years	8.09	4.83

* Men and women combined
^† Estimated[4] from Beaver Dam Eye Study incidence data,[12] U.S. smoking prevalence in 2004–2005[10] and the relative risks of age-related macular degeneration for smokers and ex-smokers relative to never-smokers.[2]
^‡ Estimated according to the relative risk functions plotted in Figure 2.

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