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Table 3 Outcomes by disease at baseline and differences with the outcomes in the follow-up

From: Changes in costs and effects after the implementation of disease management programs in the Netherlands: variability and determinants

 

CVR

COPD

DMII

Total sample

 

Mean at baseline (sd)

Mean change (sd)

Range of change across DMPs #

Mean at baseline (sd)

Mean change (sd)

Range of change across DMPs #

Mean at baseline (sd)

Mean change (sd)

Range of change across DMPs #

Mean change

Range of change across DMPs #

PACIC (1; 5 highest = best)

2.80 (0.84)

0.10** (0.80)

+0.02; +0.26

2.92 (0.89)

−0.03 (0.75)

−0.05; +0.06

3.29 (0.85)

−0.23* * (0.72)

−0.27; − 0.18

0.01 (0.78)

−0.27; +0.26

Physically active days per week

5.00 (2.07)

0.33** (2.15)

−0.23; +0.82

4.82 (2.13)

0.37** (2.20)

−0.11; +1.36

4.74 (1.94)

0.29 (2.01)

+0.05; +0.89

0.34** (2.14)

−0.23; +1.36

% smokers

21

−6 pp**

−2.5 pp; −10.7 pp

39

−11 pp**

−7.3 pp;-13.7 pp

22

−9 pp**

−8 pp; −13.6 pp

−8 pp**

−13.7 pp; −2.5 pp

Self-efficacy (1; 6 highest = best)

4.45 (0.87)

−0.28** (0.75)

−0.33; − 0.15

4.33 (0.88)

−0.34** (0.73)

−0.48; −0.27

4.56 (0.85)

−0.29** (0.77)

−0.42; −0.22

−0.30** (0.75)

−0.48; −0.15

EQ-5D (−0.33; 1 highest = best)

0.83 (0.18)

−0.01* (0.16)

−0.06; +0.03

0.79 (0.20)

−0.04** (0.19)

−0.04; − 0.03

0.84 (0.16)

−0.03* (0.14)

−0.04; −0.02

−0.02** (0.17)

−0.06; +0.03

  1. pp = percentage points; *(p < 0.05); **(p < 0.01); the differences are calculated subtracting the outcome values at baseline from the outcome values at follow-up.