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Table 7 Health outcomes and costs without vaccination *

From: A cost-effectiveness analysis of a 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children in six Latin American countries

Health outcomes (number of cases)

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

Peru

Pneumonia hospitalizations

19 435

438 803

36 761

78 137

36 925

40 710

Ambulatory pneumonia

86 086

1 487 153

207 167

148 821

108 124

43 833

Total pneumonia

105 521

1 925 956

243 928

226 958

145 049

84 543

Myringotomies

7088

36 059

5229

28 769

25 516

8072

AOM sequelae

16 005

12 490

29 490

22 448

13 395

24 362

Total AOM

422 134

1 834 559

186 538

567 084

645 551

339 758

Pneumococcal meningitis sequelae

29

666

65.5

248

36

28

Total pneumococcal meningitis

153

1913

191.9

511

166

194

Pneumococcal bacteremia

753

7927

237

989

2702

528

Health outcomes (deaths)

      

Pneumonia (% from total)

449 (89.26%)

1843 (46.32%)

103 (75.18%)

1234 (88.08%)

1575 (67.34%)

1271 (93.39%)

Pneumococcal meningitis (% from total)

25 (4.97%)

552 (13.87%)

21.4 (15.62%)

69 (4.93%)

53 (2.27%)

10 (0.73%)

Pneumococcal bacteremia (% from total)

29 (5.77%)

1584 (39.81%)

13 (9.49%)

97 (6.92%)

711 (30.40%)

80 (5.88%)

Total deaths

503

3979

137

1401

2339

1361

Life-years lost due to premature death

      

Pneumonia (% from total)

11 955 (89.32%)

47 835 (46.38%)

2767 (74.82%)

32 442 (88.10%)

41 797 (67.34%)

33 310 (93.37%)

Pneumococcal meningitis (% from total)

656 (4.90%)

14 336 (13.90%)

576 (15.58%)

1822 (4.95%)

1400 (2.26%)

271 (0.76%)

Pneumococcal bacteremia (% from total)

775 (5.79%)

40 974 (39.73%)

355 (9.60%)

2560 (6.95%)

18 869 (30.40%)

2096 (5.87%)

Total life- years lost due to premature death

13 385

103 144

3698

36 823

62 066

35 677

QALYs lost

      

Pneumonia (% from total)

11 319 (21.19%)

54 930 (36.80%)

3979 (5.10%)

30 423 (32.92%)

38 200 (41.48%)

30 291 (32.90%)

AOM (% from total)

40 537 (75.80%)

38 632 (25.88%)

72 612 (93.12%)

56 304 (60.92%)

35 453 (38.50%)

59 385 (64.50%)

Pneumococcal meningitis (% from total)

857 (1.60%)

19 050 (12.76%)

1067 (1.37%)

3400 (3.68%)

1583 (1.72%)

525 (0.57%)

Pneumococcal bacteremia (% from total)

697 (1.30%)

36 656 (24.56%)

318 (0.41%)

2291 (2.48%)

16 853 (18.30%)

1874 (2.04%)

Total QALYs lost

53 410

149 267

77 976

92 418

92 089

92 075

Direct costs

      

Pneumonia (% from total)

$ 37 285 729 (28.04%)

$ 223 194 337 (75.27%)

$ 37 536 647 (23.94%)

$ 48 992 398 (38.69%)

$ 209 948 462 (39.02%)

$ 9 452 263 (33.30%)

AOM (% from total)

$ 94 445 835 (71.03%)

$ 62 909 086 (21.22%)

$ 118 366 250 (75.49%)

$ 74 526 550 (58.85%)

$ 306 229 730 (56.91%)

$ 18 495 287 (65.16%)

Pneumococcal meningitis (% from total)

$ 485 136 (0.36%)

$ 7 110 442 (2.40%)

$ 766 387 (0.49%)

$ 2 036 356 (1.61%)

$ 4 508 280 (0.84%)

$ 303 882 (1.07%)

Pneumococcal bacteremia (% from total)

$ 754 814 (0.57%)

$ 3 307 190 (1.12%)

$ 137 010 (0.09%)

$ 1 077 341 (0.85%)

$ 17 412 377 (3.24%)

$ 133 771 (0.47%)

Total direct costs

$132 971 513

$296 521 055

$156 806 295

$126 632 644

$ 538 098 849

$ 28 385 203

Indirect costs

      

Pneumonia (% from total)

$ 26 513 765 (26.15%)

$ 205 729 961 (46.78%)

$ 15 989 127 (10.53%)

$ 57 757 864 (39.05%)

$ 55 732 299 (38.26%)

$ 49 187 200 (36.56%)

AOM (% from total)

$ 71 941 758 (70.95%)

$ 77 923 319 (17.72%)

$134 513 520 (88.57%)

$ 82 516 905 (55.78%)

$ 43 309 768 (29.73%)

$ 79 622 249 (59.18%)

Pneumococcal meningitis (% from total)

$ 1 473 497 (1.45%)

$ 78 064 982 (17.75%)

$ 681 723 (0.45%)

$ 3 823 700 (2.58%)

$ 23 319 138 (16.01%)

$ 2 864 722 (2.13%)

Pneumococcal bacteremia (% from total)

$ 1 473 497 (1.45%)

$ 78 064 982 (17.75%)

$ 681 723 (0.45%)

$ 3 823 700 (2.58%)

$ 23 319 138 (16.01%)

$ 2 864 722 (2.13%)

Total indirect costs

$101 402 517

$439 783 244

$151 866 092

$147 922 168

$145 680 345

$134 538 893

  1. *Analysis is from birth till 10 years of age, discount rate 3.5. All costs are expressed in U$S Dollars. In Brazil, Colombia, Chile and México 2008 local costs were converted to US$ and in Argentina and Perú 2009 local costs were converted to US$ exchange rates are provided in methods.
  2. % from total refers to the percentage of cases attributable to the condition from the total of cases or costs.